From: GGarramuno@... (GGarramuno)
Date: 2004-01-13T04:36:40+09:00
Subject: Re: faster integer arithmetics & arbitrary precision floating number

David Garamond <lists@zara.6.isreserved.com> wrote in message news:<4002C471.1070507@zara.6.isreserved.com>...

> 
> then have you factored out compilation overhead? I would wild-guess that 
> Perl is slightly slower than Ruby, due to its complex syntaxes?

No, Perl is much faster than ruby for these sort of operations.  Where
Perl's speed suffers is in its OO (lots of nested classes can bring
Perl down to its knees not to mention make the code very hard to deal
with).

Python2.2 is now an extremely good compromise for both, as it has
great performance for simple things and it scales very well on complex
projects.  But I cannot stand its syntax, personally.

Ruby is, for these type of operations, quite slow.  It is somewhat
akin to the old python1.5 overall.  Ruby is in my opiniong the
language that has the nicest syntax of them all, but both its speed
and library base is not on par with others.


In the python mailing list someone recently sent out a mail with a
silly benchmark like that (which I ported to perl and ruby, too).
"Nine Language Performance Round-up: Benchmarking Math & File I/O"
http://www.osnews.com/story.php?news_id=5602

This benchmark is not that great as it does not measure that many
other areas of a language that you use in real code, but I guess it is
okay if you want to get an idea of arithmetic speed.

The top performer on that benchmark from the scripting languages is
C#.  And I was quite surprised that microsoft did something decent
this time around (albeit C# is perhaps closer to C++ in philosophy and
syntax than to a scripting language such as perl, ruby or python).

On the machine I am on (XP) (and reducing the # of iterations of each
one), I got:

C#: 560 milliseconds
Perl5.8.1: 5.08 sec.
Python2.2.3: 6.07115513285 sec.
Ruby1.8: 14.170000 sec.

Indeed, Ruby seems particularly bad with normal integer arithmetic.

Here's the not very scientific code for perl and ruby I used which I
ported from python (you can get the rest from the guy's website to
test).  Since ruby deals with int/longs/bignums transparently, I am
not sure the test below is a good example, thou of long behavior.  But
it does give you a rough idea where ruby stands in overall number
crunching performance.


#! /usr/bin/ruby

require "benchmark"
include Benchmark


intMax =    10000000000 # 1B
doubleMin = 10000000000.0 # 10B
doubleMax = 11000000000.0 # 11B
longMin =   10000000000 # 10B
longMax =   11000000000 # 11B
trigMax =   10000000.0 # 10M
ioMax =     1000000 # 1M

# I used these numbers to test as the orig. ones take too long
intMax =    10000000 # 1B
doubleMin = 10000000.0 # 10B
doubleMax = 11000000.0 # 11B
longMin =   10000000  # 10B
longMax =   11000000  # 11B
trigMax =   100000.0 # 10M
ioMax =     10000 # 1M


def intArithmetic(intMax)

    i = 1
    intResult = 1
    while i < intMax
        intResult = intResult - i
        i = i + 1
        intResult = intResult + i
        i = i + 1
        intResult = intResult * i
        i = i + 1
        intResult = intResult / i
        i = i + 1
    end
    print " i:", i, "\n"
    print " intResult:", intResult, "\n"
end


def doubleArithmetic(doubleMin, doubleMax)

    i = doubleMin
    doubleResult = doubleMin
    while i < doubleMax
        doubleResult = doubleResult - i
        i = i + 1.0
        doubleResult = doubleResult + i
        i = i + 1.0
        doubleResult = doubleResult * i
        i = i + 1.0
        doubleResult = doubleResult / i
        i = i + 1.0
    end
    print " i:", i, "\n"
    print " doubleResult:", doubleResult, "\n"
end


def longArithmetic(longMin, longMax)

    i = longMin
    longResult = longMin
    while i < longMax
        longResult = longResult - i
        i = i + 1
        longResult = longResult + i
        i = i + 1
        longResult = longResult * i
        i = i + 1
        longResult = longResult / i
        i = i + 1
    end
    print " i:", i, "\n"
    print " Result:", longResult, "\n"
end


def trig(trigMax)
    i = 1.0
    sine = 0.0
    cosine = 0.0
    tangent = 0.0
    logarithm = 0.0
    squareRoot = 0.0
    
    while i < trigMax
        sine = Math.sin(i)
        cosine = Math.cos(i)
        tangent = Math.tan(i)
        logarithm = Math.log10(i)
        squareRoot = Math.sqrt(i)
        i = i + 1.0
    end
    print " i:", i, "\n"
    print " sine:", sine, "\n"
    print " cosine:", cosine, "\n"
    print " tangent:", tangent, "\n"
    print " logarithm:", logarithm, "\n"
    print " squareRoot:", squareRoot, "\n"
end


def io(ioMax)
  fileName = "TestRuby.txt"
  myString = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890abcdefgh\n"

  linesToWrite = [myString]
  for i in 2..ioMax
    linesToWrite.push( myString )
  end

  file = File.open(fileName, 'w')
  file.puts(linesToWrite)
  file.close()
    
  file = File.open(fileName, 'r')
  readLines = file.readlines()
  file.close()
  print "write=",linesToWrite.length()
  print " read=",readLines.length()
end


# Main program begins here

puts "Start Ruby benchmark"

t = 0
benchmark("       " + CAPTION, 7, FMTSTR) do |x|
  t  = x.report("intArithmetic")    {  intArithmetic(intMax) }
  t += x.report("doubleArithmetic") {  doubleArithmetic(doubleMin,
doubleMax) }
  t += x.report("longArithmetic")   { longArithmetic(longMin, longMax)
}
  t += x.report("trig")             { trig(trigMax) }
  t += x.report("io")               { ioTime = io(ioMax) }
end

print "Total Ruby benchmark time:", t, "\n"
puts "End Ruby benchmark"


#####################For perl...
#! /usr/bin/perl
use Benchmark qw( timeit timestr );
use Math::Trig;  #for tan

my $intMax =    1000000000; # 1B
my $intMax =    10000000; # 1B
my $doubleMin = 10000000.0; # 10B
my $doubleMax = 11000000.0; # 11B
my $longMin =   10000000;  # 10B
my $longMax =   11000000;  # 11B
my $trigMax =   100000.0; # 10M
my $ioMax =     10000; # 1M

sub intArithmetic($)
{
    my ($intMax) = @_;

    my $i = 1;
    my $intResult = 1;
    while ($i < $intMax)
    {
        $intResult = $intResult - $i;
	$i++;
        $intResult = $intResult + $i;
        $i++;
        $intResult = $intResult * $i;
        $i++;
        $intResult = int $intResult / $i;
        $i++;
    }
    print " i:", $i, "\n";
    print " intResult:", $intResult, "\n";
}


sub doubleArithmetic($$)
{
    my ($doubleMin, $doubleMax) = @_;

    my $i = $doubleMin;
    my $doubleResult = $doubleMin;
    while ($i < $doubleMax)
    {
        $doubleResult = $doubleResult - $i;
	$i = $i + 1.0;
        $doubleResult = $doubleResult + $i;
	$i = $i + 1.0;
        $doubleResult = $doubleResult * $i;
	$i = $i + 1.0;
        $doubleResult = $doubleResult / $i;
	$i = $i + 1.0;
    }
    print " i:", $i, "\n";
    print " doubleResult:", $doubleResult, "\n";
}


sub longArithmetic
{
    my ($longMin, $longMax) = @_;

    my $i = $longMin;
    my $longResult = $longMin;
    while ($i < $longMax)
    {
	$longResult = $longResult - $i;
	$i = $i + 1;
	$longResult = $longResult + $i;
	$i = $i + 1;
	$longResult = $longResult * $i;
	$i = $i + 1;
	$longResult = $longResult / $i;
	$i = $i + 1;
    }
    print " i:", $i, "\n";
    print " longResult:", $longResult, "\n";
}

sub log10 { log($_[0])/log(10); }

sub trig($)
{
    my ($trigMax) = @_;
    my $i = 1.0;
    my $sine = 0.0;
    my $cosine = 0.0;
    my $tangent = 0.0;
    my $logarithm = 0.0;
    my $squareRoot = 0.0;
    
    while ($i < $trigMax)
    {
        $sine = sin($i);
        $cosine = cos($i);
        $tangent = tan($i);
        $logarithm = log10($i);
        $squareRoot = sqrt($i);
        $i = $i + 1.0;
    }
    print " i:", $i, "\n";
    print " sine:", $sine, "\n";
    print " cosine:", $cosine, "\n";
    print " tangent:", $tangent, "\n";
    print " logarithm:", $logarithm, "\n";
    print " squareRoot:", $squareRoot, "\n";
}


sub io($)
{
    my ($ioMax) = @_;
    my $fileName = "TestPerl.txt";
    my $myString = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890abcdefgh\n";
    my $linesToWrite = $myString;
    for $i ( 1..$ioMax )
    {
	$linesToWrite .= $myString;
    }

    open(FILE, ">".$fileName);
    print FILE $linesToWrite;
    close(FILE);
    
    open(FILE, "<".$fileName);
    my @readLines = <FILE>;
    print "length:",$#readLines,"\n";
    close(FILE);
}


# Main program begins here

print "Start Perl benchmark\n";



my $total= timeit( 1, sub
{
my $t = timeit( 1, sub{intArithmetic($intMax); } );
print "intArithmetic: ",timestr($t),"\n";
$t = timeit( 1, sub{doubleArithmetic($doubleMin,$doubleMax); } );
print "doubleArithmetic: ",timestr($t),"\n";
$t = timeit( 1, sub{doubleArithmetic($longMin,$longMax); } );
print "longArithmetic: ",timestr($t),"\n";
$t = timeit( 1, sub{trig($trigMax); } );
print "trig: ",timestr($t),"\n";
$t = timeit( 1, sub{io($ioMax); } );
print "io: ",timestr($t),"\n";
}
);

print "total=",timestr($total),"\n";

print "End Perl benchmark";