[ruby-core:45799] [ruby-trunk - Feature #4151] Enumerable#categorize

Issue #4151 has been updated by marcandre (Marc-Andre Lafortune).

Target version set to 2.0.0

Is anyone going to submit a slide-show about this?

I'm starting to think these could be split into 3 methods:

Enumerable#index_by, #associate and #categorize.

index_by uses the result of the block as key and the enumeration as values
associate uses the result of the block as value and the enumeration as keys
categorize expects an array of keys with a value.

All methods return a hash, or an enumerator if no block is passed.
All methods accept an optional `merge` argument to deal with eventual key conflicts, similar to `Hash#merge`.
It is either a proc/lambda acting like the block of `Hash#merge` and taking 3 arguments (key, old_val, new_val),
or a symbol, that acts like an operator or method between two values to be merge, similarly to `Enumerable#inject`.

Hash would specialize associate (| index_by) so that the key (| value) used would be only the key (| value), not the [key, value] pair:

{:hello => 42}.index_by{|k, v| k.to_s} # => {'hello' => 42}, not {'hello' => [:hello, 42]}
{:hello => 42}.associate{|k, v| v.to_s} # => {:hello => "42"}, not {[:hello, 42] => "42"}

Note: Rails' ActiveSupport already defines `index_by`; this `index_by` is just a refinement of it.

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Feature #4151: Enumerable#categorize
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/4151#change-27378

Author: akr (Akira Tanaka)
Status: Assigned
Priority: Low
Assignee: akr (Akira Tanaka)
Category: 
Target version: 2.0.0


=begin
 Hi.
 
 How about a method for converting enumerable to hash?
 
   enum.categorize([opts]) {|elt| [key1, ..., val] } -> hash
 
 categorizes the elements in _enum_ and returns a hash.
 
 The block is called for each elements in _enum_.
 The block should return an array which contains
 one or more keys and one value.
 
   p (0..10).categorize {|e| [e % 3, e % 5] }
   #=> {0=>[0, 3, 1, 4], 1=>[1, 4, 2, 0], 2=>[2, 0, 3]}
 
 The keys and value are used to construct the result hash.
 If two or more keys are provided
 (i.e. the length of the array is longer than 2),
 the result hash will be nested.
 
   p (0..10).categorize {|e| [e&4, e&2, e&1, e] }
   #=> {0=>{0=>{0=>[0, 8],
   #            1=>[1, 9]},
   #        2=>{0=>[2, 10],
   #            1=>[3]}},
   #    4=>{0=>{0=>[4],
   #            1=>[5]},
   #        2=>{0=>[6],
   #            1=>[7]}}}
 
 The value of innermost hash is an array which contains values for
 corresponding keys.
 This behavior can be customized by :seed, :op and :update option.
 
 This method can take an option hash.
 Available options are follows:
 
 - :seed specifies seed value.
 - :op specifies a procedure from seed and value to next seed.
 - :update specifies a procedure from seed and block value to next seed.
 
 :seed, :op and :update customizes how to generate
 the innermost hash value.
 :seed and :op behavies like Enumerable#inject.
 
 If _seed_ and _op_ is specified, the result value is generated as follows.
   op.call(..., op.call(op.call(seed, v0), v1), ...)
 
 :update works as :op except the second argument is the block value itself
 instead of the last value of the block value.
 
 If :seed option is not given, the first value is used as the seed.
 
   # The arguments for :op option procedure are the seed and the value.
   # (i.e. the last element of the array returned from the block.)
   r = [0].categorize(:seed => :s,
                      :op => lambda {|x,y|
                        p [x,y]               #=> [:s, :v]
                        1
                      }) {|e|
     p e #=> 0
     [:k, :v]
   }
   p r #=> {:k=>1}
 
   # The arguments for :update option procedure are the seed and the array
   # returned from the block.
   r = [0].categorize(:seed => :s,
                      :update => lambda {|x,y|
                        p [x,y]               #=> [:s, [:k, :v]]
                        1
                      }) {|e|
     p e #=> 0
     [:k, :v]
   }
   p r #=> {:k=>1}
 
 The default behavior, array construction, can be implemented as follows.
   :seed => nil
   :op => lambda {|s, v| !s ? [v] : (s << v) }
 
 Note that matz doesn't find satisfact in the method name, "categorize".
 [ruby-dev:42681]
 
 Also note that matz wants another method than this method,
 which the hash value is the last value, not an array of all values.
 This can be implemented by enum.categorize(:op=>lambda {|x,y| y}) { ... }.
 But good method name is not found yet.
 [ruby-dev:42643]
 -- 
 Tanaka Akira
 
 Attachment: enum-categorize.patch
=end



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