[ruby-core:114271] [Ruby master Bug#19782] Ruby operators precedence inconsistency

Issue #19782 has been updated by sawa (Tsuyoshi Sawada).


In general, precedence comes into play when an expression is ambiguous. An expression is ambiguous when there is more than one (grammatical) parse. `(a && b) = c` is not a grammatical parse of `a && b = c`; only `a && (b = c)` is. Hence, this expression is not ambiguous, and precedence is irrelevant here.

----------------------------------------
Bug #19782: Ruby operators precedence inconsistency
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19782#change-103961

* Author: hurricup (Alexandr Evstigneev)
* Status: Open
* Priority: Normal
* Backport: 3.0: UNKNOWN, 3.1: UNKNOWN, 3.2: UNKNOWN
----------------------------------------
Unfortunately I could not find a good documentation regarding ruby operators precedence and associativity, but according to https://ruby-doc.org/3.2.2/syntax/precedence_rdoc.html
`&&` has higher precedence than assignment.
Meaning that
`a && b = c` would be treated as `(a && b) = c` which makes a little sense, but still.
But ruby 3.2.2 shows that it works as `a && (b = c)` (if I read it right):

```
def moo(a,b,c)
  if a && b = c

  end
end

puts RubyVM::InstructionSequence.of(method :moo).disasm
```

Gives me
```
== disasm: #<ISeq:moo@/home/hurricup/Projects/untitled/test.rb:1 (1,0)-(5,3)> (catch: false)
local table (size: 3, argc: 3 [opts: 0, rest: -1, post: 0, block: -1, kw: -1@-1, kwrest: -1])
[ 3] a@0<Arg>   [ 2] b@1<Arg>   [ 1] c@2<Arg>
0000 getlocal_WC_0                          a@0                       (   2)[LiCa]
0002 branchunless                           13
0004 getlocal_WC_0                          c@2
0006 dup
0007 setlocal_WC_0                          b@1
0009 branchunless                           13
0011 putnil
0012 leave                                                            (   5)[Re]
0013 putnil                                                           (   2)
0014 leave                                                            (   5)[Re]
```

For example, perl has well documentation and same rules regarding these two ops: https://perldoc.perl.org/perlop#Operator-Precedence-and-Associativity
And if you try:
```
use v5.38;

my($var1, $var2, $var3) = (1,2,3);

$var1 && $var2 = $var3;

say $var1, $var2, $var3;
```

You will get expected:
```
Can't modify logical and (&&) in scalar assignment at /home/hurricup/Projects/untitled/test.pl line 5, near "$var3;"
Execution of /home/hurricup/Projects/untitled/test.pl aborted due to compilation errors.
```


Could you please clarify this?
Also would be really nice to have documentation on how precedence work, including calls without parens, like `some.thing expr` which precedence is consumed by `expr` here?





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