[ruby-core:114084] [Ruby master Bug#19756] URI::HTTP.build does not accept a host of `_gateway`, but `URI.parse` will.

Issue #19756 has been updated by mame (Yusuke Endoh).


Note that underscores are not allowed in host names.

I think it is a reasonable behavior for `URI::HTTP.build(host:"_gateway")` to raise an exception in order to prevent the generation of invalid URI strings.
It is arguable about the behavior of `URI.parse("https://_gateway")`. I think it is an acceptable behavior because the invalid URI string has been already created by someone. We may change the behavior to raise an exception, but it will break compatibility.

At present, I prefer to change nothing. If you have a background why you want to change the behavior, please elaborate.

----------------------------------------
Bug #19756: URI::HTTP.build does not accept a host of `_gateway`, but `URI.parse` will.
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19756#change-103759

* Author: postmodern (Hal Brodigan)
* Status: Open
* Priority: Normal
* ruby -v: ruby 3.2.2 (2023-03-30 revision e51014f9c0) [x86_64-linux]
* Backport: 3.0: UNKNOWN, 3.1: UNKNOWN, 3.2: UNKNOWN
----------------------------------------
I noticed a difference in behavior between `URI::HTTP.build` and `URI.parse`. `URI::HTTP.build` will not accept `host:` value of `_gateway`, but `URI.parse` will.

## Steps To Reproduce

```ruby
URI::HTTP.build(host: "_gateway")
```
vs.
```ruby
URI.parse("http://_gateway")
```

### Expected Results

Both raise the same exception, or return the same URI object.

### Actual Results

```
URI::HTTP.build(host: "_gateway")
/usr/share/ruby/uri/generic.rb:601:in `check_host': bad component(expected host component): _gateway (URI::InvalidComponentError)
	from /usr/share/ruby/uri/generic.rb:640:in `host='
	from /usr/share/ruby/uri/generic.rb:673:in `hostname='
	from /usr/share/ruby/uri/generic.rb:190:in `initialize'
	from /usr/share/ruby/uri/generic.rb:136:in `new'
	from /usr/share/ruby/uri/generic.rb:136:in `build'
	from /usr/share/ruby/uri/http.rb:61:in `build'
	from (irb):2:in `<main>'
	from /usr/local/share/gems/gems/irb-1.7.0/exe/irb:9:in `<top (required)>'
	from /usr/local/bin/irb:25:in `load'
	from /usr/local/bin/irb:25:in `<main>'
```

```
URI.parse("https://_gateway")
# => #<URI::HTTPS https://_gateway>
```

## Additional Information

```
$ gem list uri
uri (default: 0.12.1)
```



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