[ruby-core:103211] [Ruby master Bug#17033] Infinite Traceback when encountering an Exception while catching an Exception

Issue #17033 has been updated by usa (Usaku NAKAMURA).

Backport changed from 2.5: DONTNEED, 2.6: REQUIRED, 2.7: DONE to 2.5: DONTNEED, 2.6: DONE, 2.7: DONE

backported into ruby_2_6 at r67913.

----------------------------------------
Bug #17033: Infinite Traceback when encountering an Exception while catching an Exception
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17033#change-91285

* Author: NickHackman (Nick Hackman)
* Status: Closed
* Priority: Normal
* ruby -v: ruby 2.7.1p83 (2020-03-31 revision a0c7c23c9c) [x86_64-linux]
* Backport: 2.5: DONTNEED, 2.6: DONE, 2.7: DONE
----------------------------------------
In Ruby 2.7.1 when an Exception occurs and another occurs when handling the first one it results in an infinite Traceback that doesn't mention the error.

```ruby
class MyException < StandardError
  def initialize(obj)
    @obj = obj
  end

  def to_s
    @obj.to_strm
  end
end

begin
  raise MyException.new('test'), 'message'
rescue StandardError => e
  puts e.to_s
end
```

In the above instance, there's a typo `to_strm` doesn't exist for type String, but instead of a normal case of a typo saying that the method doesn't exist the output is

```
~ 了 ruby ruby_traceback_hell.rb
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
```
it keeps going without printing any sort of message about the actual error.

It's expected that this would result in a message saying that the method is undefined, and this is the behavior on 2.5.1, and appears to be a regression in 2.7.1



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