From: ts Date: 2003-01-27T02:56:05+09:00 Subject: Re: "exclude" (was: Re: cascading configuration variables) >>>>> "W" == Wilbert Berendsen writes: W> But this is all imaginary. In reality, is a mixed-in module really like a W> superclass? because a module can mix-in (include) another module in at W> any time of its life, but classes cannot inherit a superclass later on. Well, with my previous example module A A_nice_constant = 12 end module B include A end module C include A end class D # D inherit from Object # search path is : D ==> Object include C # ruby make the include : first C then A # search path is : D ==> C ==> A ==> Object include B # ruby make the include : first B, then A # search path is : D ==> B ==> C ==> A ==> Object # A is not included twice end At this step, ruby has lost the information that `A' was provided by `B' and `C' Guy Decoux