From: Tom Sawyer Date: 2003-01-24T08:22:08+09:00 Subject: contained_by method (challange) okay, after all this time i finally figured out exactly what i am after. i would like all my objects to have a #contained_by method that returns a reference to the object they are contined by. for example: a = "1" ar = [a] a.contained_by # --> reference to ar another: class T attr_reader :a end t = T.new t.a.contained_by # --> reference to t and so on. is this possible? -- tom sawyer, aka transami transami@transami.net