From: Martin DeMello <martindemello@...>
Date: 2002-12-02T18:08:12+09:00
Subject: Re: [FAQ] [Revised again] What are the non-alphanumerical symbols in Ruby code?

Gavin Sinclair <gsinclair@soyabean.com.au> wrote:
> ~  <<  >>  &  ^  |
> 
>    1.  "<<" most often means that a "here" document follows, e.g.:
> 
>          puts <<EOS
>            This is a here document.
>          EOS
> 
>    2.  "<<" also creates a new class based on a particular object.
>        These object-specific classes are called 'singleton classes'.
>        In the example below, only the Car object referred to by
>        "camaro" will have the method "has_flames?".
> 
>          camaro = Car.new
>          class << camaro
>            def has_flames?
>              true
>            end
>          end

4. "<<" is also the operator for appending to an array/string in place
      a = [1,2,3]
      a += [4,5] # Creates a new array object and assigns it to a
      a << [4,5] # appends [4,5] directly to the array object a points
                 # to

(personally, I use that even more than I do here documents)

> .  ...

And that should be '..' where you have '.'

martin