From: "Jan E." Date: 2012-08-17T02:43:32+09:00 Subject: Re: A Ruby class is never closed Hi, That's generally true. You can reopen a class at any time (even the built-in ones) or modify it through metaprogramming. However, you can freeze a class to prevent modifications: class A def f puts 1 end end # reopen class class A def g puts 2 end end # freeze class A.freeze # raises an error class A def g puts 2 end end -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.