From: Rich Kilmer Date: 2002-05-05T10:06:42+09:00 Subject: Clarification requested on Object->Kernel relationship Whoever can answer this: Per the pixaxe book pg 245: "When a class includes a module, that module's instance methods become available as instance methods of the class. It's almost as if the module becomes a superclass of the class that uses it. Not surprisingly, that's about how it works. When you include a module, Ruby creates an anonymous proxy class that references that module, and inserts that proxy as the direct superclass of the class that did the including." Question: Does such an anonymous proxy class get created when the class Object includes Kernel? If so, then Object does have a superclass, but it's an anonymous proxy class? -Rich