From: Grary Stimon Date: 2011-12-12T04:43:48+09:00 Subject: Re: enforcing module contract with self.included? Sylvester, Thanks, that works, but not in another important manner of use... class SomeImplementingClass include AgeBasedApprovable end begin SomeImplementingClass.new puts 'FAIL' rescue => e puts 'PASS: ', e.message end How do I cover this case? Grar -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.