From: Mike Stephens Date: 2010-11-19T23:06:44+09:00 Subject: Re: Where to start from? Phillip Gawlowski wrote in post #962566: > > 3) SQL's JOIN (set theory). > What's the intersection of the sets {1,2,3,5,6} and {1,2,4,6}? The original motivation of the N-ary Relational Model (ie the invention of Codd and Date and the one we know today) was (as ever) there is far more to do than can be done by the number of trained programmers available. The model was to allow non-IT professionals to manipulate organisational data without unnecessary spec!alist knowledge. This is why relational databases first appeared as sort of warehouse copies of data also held on more traditional arcane data storage systems. Although the first relational languages (like DSL) were rather mathematical, the underlying principle was that you only need to understand a few high-level powerful concepts. Quickly we got to such things as Sequel (not to be confused with SQL). Sequel is 'structured english query language'(and a play on the name of an earlier language QUEL). I therefore take issue with your point that you need to know maths set theory to appreciate SQL. It was designed to be simple to understand without a spec!alist background. -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.