From: Brian Candler <b.candler@...>
Date: 2010-11-04T19:18:00+09:00
Subject: Re: Ruby 1.9.2 with Rails 3.0.1

Luis Lavena wrote in post #959207:
>> The solution was to put the following line at the top of this file
>> (seeds.rb)
>>
>> # encoding: utf-8
>>
>> If someone can articulate some simple rules for character encoding in
>> Ruby 1.9.2 p0 and Rails 3.0.1 environment, that will be quite useful.
>>
>
> Ruby interprets each file 'encoding' or magical comments to decide
> which encoding is going to use for that particular file.
>
> If the file lacks encoding it assumes the one provided by
> Encoding.default_external, which in your case seems US-ASCII.

That answer is wrong - but I don't blame you for giving a wrong answer, 
since the whole encoding nonsense in ruby 1.9 is ridiculously 
complicated.

The correct answer is: the encoding of a ruby 1.9 source file (and hence 
the String literals within that file) is *always* US-ASCII, unless you 
tag it with a #encoding line which says otherwise.

I have so far collected about 200 rules for how encodings work in ruby 
1.9: https://github.com/candlerb/string19/blob/master/string19.rb

Unfortunately, this list is just the tip of the iceberg. To be complete, 
it would have to describe the encoding-related behaviour of every method 
on String, every method which accepts a String, and every method which 
returns a String.

Regards,

Brian.

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