From: matz@... (Yukihiro Matsumoto) Date: 2002-02-01T00:12:09+09:00 Subject: Re: strange behavior Hi, In message "Re: strange behavior" on 02/01/31, mengx@nielsenmedia.com writes: |"include" should have the same effect as "physically include", That's the point. Altough you might expect that, it shouldn't. "include" is the operation to add an "ancestor" to a class/module. matz.