From: Robert Dober Date: 2008-07-21T21:07:49+09:00 Subject: Re: protected members or explicit abstract classes? Short answer: Because Ruby is not Java Long answer: Ruby just has a different way approaching object oriented programming. I believe that it is a more agile approach, and that abstract classes do not fit into Ruby's paradigm at all. Very long answer: As a matter of fact I believe that Ruby should not even have classes, class and type rhyme too strongly. I have developed different ways of doing object oriented development in Ruby (traits, prototypes, pushable behavior) all of them very slow, unfortunately. I really do not remember when I wanted an abstract class or a protected member last when developing in Ruby. I am still guilty of some code like "if String === s" but I hopefully one day will replace this with "if s.behaves_like? StringBehavior". Therefore the quintessence of my reply is, do Ruby, do ducktyping and ask yourself the question in some months time from now again! Cheers Robert -- http://ruby-smalltalk.blogspot.com/ There's no one thing that's true. It's all true. -- Ernest Hemingway