From: Claus Hausberger Date: 2007-05-14T23:39:07+09:00 Subject: Reading Files: how to I specify the encoding ? Hello I have a lot of xml and java files witch have German Umlauts and other non ASCII files in them. I want to read the files and convert them to UTF-8 using a Ruby script. I convert the strings with this code: def to_utf8(str) str.unpack('U*').map do |c| if c < 0x80 c.chr else '( u%04X )' % c end end.join end (taken from "The Ruby Way" by Hal Fulton). sometimes it works, sometimes I get this error: "malformed UTF-8 character" I tought this might happen because the File is encoded in ISO-8859-1 (was written with Eclipse set to ISO-8859-1 for text encoding). how can I read a file with Ruby and specify that it is read with ISO-8859-1 encoding (similar to Java's BufferedReader where I can specify the encoding). any help welcome. best wishes Claus -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.