From: Bill Dolinar <ruby-talk@...>
Date: 2006-11-07T15:20:11+09:00
Subject: Re: [QUIZ] Bytecode Compiler (#100)

Changed my previous solution to use some of the things others have  
used that need to be pounded into my skull like \d in regular  
expression and pack/unpack.  Also added unary + and cleaned up code.

############
require 'interp'

module Compiler

   # compile expression into bytecode array
   def Compiler.compile(s)
     stack = []
     eval(s.gsub(/(\d+)/, 'Value.new(stack, \1)'))
     stack
   end

   class Value
     attr_reader :value  # constant value or nil for on stack
     ON_STACK = nil

     def initialize(stack, value)
       @stack = stack
       @value = value
     end

     # generate code for each binary operator
     {'+' => Interpreter::Ops::ADD,
      '-' => Interpreter::Ops::SUB,
      '*' => Interpreter::Ops::MUL,
      '**'=> Interpreter::Ops::POW,
      '/' => Interpreter::Ops::DIV,
      '%' => Interpreter::Ops::MOD}.each do |operator, byte_code|
        Value.module_eval <<-OPERATOR_CODE
         def #{operator}(rhs)
           push_if_value(@value)
           push_if_value(rhs.value)
           # swap stack items if necessary
           #{if operator != "+"
               "@stack << Interpreter::Ops::SWAP if rhs.value == nil &&
                                                    @value != nil"
             end}
           @stack << #{byte_code}
           Value.new(@stack, ON_STACK)
         end
        OPERATOR_CODE
     end

     def -@
       if @value != ON_STACK
         push_if_value(-@value)
       else
         push_if_value(0)
         @stack << Interpreter::Ops::SWAP << Interpreter::Ops::SUB
       end
       Value.new(@stack, ON_STACK)
     end

     def +@
       push_if_value(@value)
       Value.new(@stack, ON_STACK)
     end

     def push_if_value(value)
       if value != ON_STACK
         if (-32768..32767).include?(value)
           @stack << Interpreter::Ops::CONST
           @stack.concat([value].pack("n").unpack("C*"))
         else
           @stack << Interpreter::Ops::LCONST
           @stack.concat([value].pack("N").unpack("C*"))
         end
       end
     end

   end
end