From: MonkeeSage Date: 2006-10-02T10:05:11+09:00 Subject: Re: Why can't I get on Top? Trans wrote: > Produces: > > false That's correct. In that case self is an *instance* of Object... module Test def test puts 'hi' end end class << self include Test end test ...but Module#included tells you the module or class of the including scope; it doesn't pass the instance itself. Regards, Jordan