From: James Edward Gray II <james@...>
Date: 2006-08-01T06:02:50+09:00
Subject: Re: [QUIZ SOLUTION] #88 Chip-8

There have been much better solutions, but for the sake of  
completeness, here's what I came up with while considering the quiz.

James Edward Gray II

#!/usr/local/bin/ruby -w

require "enumerator"
require "forwardable"

module Kernel
   module_function

   def NNN(digits)
     Integer("0x#{digits.map { |d| d.to_s(16) }.join}")
   end
   alias_method :KK, :NNN
end

class Chip8
   extend Forwardable

   MAX_REGISTER    = 0b1111_1111
   DEFAULT_HANDLER = [ Array.new,
                       lambda { |em, op| raise "Unknown Op: # 
{op.inspect}."} ]

   def self.handlers
     @@handlers ||= Array.new
   end

   def self.handle(*pattern, &handler)
     handlers << [pattern, handler]
   end

   handle(1) { |em, op| em.head = NNN(op[-3..-1]) }
   handle(3) { |em, op| em.skip if em[op[1]] == KK(op[-2..-1]) }
   handle(6) { |em, op| em[op[1]] = KK(op[-2..-1]) }
   handle(7) { |em, op| em[op[1]] += KK(op[-2..-1]) }
   handle(8, nil, nil, 0) { |em, op| em[op[1]] = em[op[2]] }
   handle(8, nil, nil, 1) { |em, op| em[op[1]] |= em[op[2]] }
   handle(8, nil, nil, 2) { |em, op| em[op[1]] &= em[op[2]] }
   handle(8, nil, nil, 3) { |em, op| em[op[1]] ^= em[op[2]] }
   handle(8, nil, nil, 4) do |em, op|
     em[op[1]] += em[op[2]]
     em[op[1]], em[15] = em[op[1]] - MAX_REGISTER, 1 if em[op[1]] >  
MAX_REGISTER
   end
   handle(8, nil, nil, 5) do |em, op|
     em[op[1]] -= em[op[2]]
     em[op[1]], em[15] = MAX_REGISTER + 1 + em[op[1]], 1 if em[op[1]]  
< 0
   end
   handle(8, nil, nil, 6) do |em, op|
     em[15], em[op[1]] = em[op[1]][0], em[op[1]] >> 1
   end
   handle(8, nil, nil, 7) do |em, op|
     em[op[1]] = em[op[2]] - em[op[1]]
     em[op[1]], em[15] = MAX_REGISTER + 1 + em[op[1]], 1 if em[op[1]]  
< 0
   end
   handle(8, nil, 0, 14) do |em, op|
     em[15], em[op[1]] = em[op[1]][7], em[op[1]] << 1
   end
   handle(12) { |em, op| em[op[1]] = rand(MAX_REGISTER) & KK(op 
[-2..-1]) }
   handle(0, 0, 0, 0) { exit }

   def initialize(file)
     @addresses = File.read(file).scan(/../m)
     @registers = Hash.new

     @head = 0
   end

   attr_accessor :head

   def_delegators :@registers, :[], :[]=

   def run
     while op_code = read_one_op_code
       find_handler(op_code).call(self, op_code)
       trim_registers
     end
   end

   def read_one_op_code
     if @head >= @addresses.size
       nil
     else
       @head += 1
       @addresses[@head - 1].unpack("HXhHXh").map { |nib| Integer("0x# 
{nib}") }
     end
   end
   alias_method :skip, :read_one_op_code

   def to_s
     @registers.inject(String.new) do |output, (key, value)|
       output + "V#{key.to_s(16).upcase}:%08b\n" % value
     end
   end

   private

   def find_handler(op_code)
     (self.class.handlers + [DEFAULT_HANDLER]).find do |pattern,  
handler|
       pattern.enum_for(:each_with_index).all? do |match, index|
         match.nil? or match == op_code[index]
       end
     end.last
   end

   def trim_registers
     @registers.each { |name, bits| @registers[name] = MAX_REGISTER &  
bits }
   end
end

if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
   emulator = Chip8.new("Chip8Test")
   at_exit { puts emulator }
   emulator.run
end