From: "Schüle Daniel" Date: 2006-03-13T08:48:44+09:00 Subject: freeze and hash Hello irb(main):069:0* a = Hash.new([]) => {} irb(main):070:0> a[1] << "X" => ["X"] irb(main):071:0> a.freeze => {} irb(main):072:0> a.frozen? => true irb(main):073:0> b = a.dup => {} irb(main):074:0> b.frozen? => false irb(main):075:0> b.default => ["X"] irb(main):076:0> b[11] << "Y" => ["X", "Y"] irb(main):077:0> b.default => ["X", "Y"] irb(main):078:0> a.default => ["X", "Y"] irb(main):079:0> a.frozen? => true irb(main):080:0> b.frozen? as one can see a.default is a flat copy so a is modified though it's frozen what is the usual idom to get deep copy? Regards, Daniel