From: "SHIGETOMI, Takuhiko" Date: 2005-09-22T14:07:14+09:00 Subject: Re: hi, i'm new. plus one question i am also a ruby-newbie. so i am not sure that i could answer enough to your question but... > idea = ["a","b","c","d"] > x = idea.pop > puts idea > > why is idea changed? how do i make it stay the same? because pop is an explicit manipulator, even if it is not followed by '!'. i guess you simply can use idea.last instead of pop. q2hdp://void/3d/universe/milky-way-galaxy/orion-arm/sol-solar-system/ 3rd-planet/fareast/jp/tky/shigetomi.takuhiko.5618