From: "trans. (T. Onoma)" Date: 2004-10-31T17:58:46+09:00 Subject: Re: Rounding error ... [remainder of huge subject line truncated] | Using floating point numbers, there is no way to guarantee that all | pairs of calculations that fit the pattern in your example will yield | the same results. Sorry, but that's just the nature of the beast. You are constraining the solution set to a system that can not provide a solution --current float-pointing representation. It's tautological. My point all along has been an _extension_ to the system to deal with the diffculties you speak-of. Which is how floating-slash and SLI arithmetic came up. Also, if you'll recall, Markus presented some points along the lines of my own train of thought on such an extension. | Of course the results of the calculations I specified can be easily | represented in a number of textual formats. However, none of those | calculations can be done in floating point without precision being lost | and approximation being necessary. Floating-point is a representation, no less, or more, than any other. The differences lie in the pragmatics of application of that representation. Roman numerals, for instance, generally suck for arithmetic production. Floating-points are much better, of course, but they too have limitations --a beastly nature, as you put it. Just becasue fp is modern does not mean that there may not a another system that will be to fp as fp is to rn (so to speak). And in fact, as I pointed out above, there are already some potential candidates. T.