From: George Ogata Date: 2004-07-03T07:57:52+09:00 Subject: Re: How to detect if variable has been defined yet? "David A. Black" writes: > x ||= 0 > x += 1 > > (Note that you can't condense that into (x ||= 0) += 1, though you > could do: x = (x ||= 0) + 1 ) You can drop the inner assignment too: x = (x || 0) + 1