From: ruby-core@...
Date: 2018-09-05T16:45:38+00:00
Subject: [ruby-core:88868] [Ruby trunk Bug#11993][Rejected] foo(hash) is handled like foo(**hash)

Issue #11993 has been updated by marcandre (Marc-Andre Lafortune).

Status changed from Open to Rejected

First, `foo(b: 1)` has been exactly the same as `foo({b: 1})` since Ruby 1.8 at least. It is parsed exactly the same way. It's syntax sugar.

```
require 'ripper'
Ripper.sexp('foo(a : 1)') == Ripper.sexp('foo({a : 1})') # => true
```

As you note, the `**` operator is not needed in many cases, but there are cases where it matters. You can see a difference in these three cases:

a) It merges keyword arguments:

```
h = {a: 1, b: 2}
p(h, c: 3) # => {:a=>1, :b=>2}, then {:c=>3}
p(**h, c: 3) # {:a=>1, :b=>2, :c=>3}
```

b) It insures that a hash is viewed as keyword arguments:

```
h = {'a' => 1}
p(h) # {"a"=>1}
p(**h) # => TypeError (hash key "a" is not a Symbol)
```

c) It differentiates between an actual empty hash `{}` and nothing at all
```
def foo(x)
  p x
end

e = {}
foo('hello', **e) # => 'hello'
foo('hello', e) # => ArgumentError (wrong number of arguments (given 2, expected 1))
```

Note that some corner cases may not perfectly handled yet (#15078) 


In summary: using `**` improves legibility by making the intention crystal clear, makes your code stricter and allows you to easily merge options. There is also discussion to make the use of `**` required in some cases in Ruby 3.0 (see #14183).


I'm closing this, but will reopen if need be.

----------------------------------------
Bug #11993: foo(hash) is handled like foo(**hash)
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/11993#change-73911

* Author: sos4nt (Stefan Sch����ler)
* Status: Rejected
* Priority: Normal
* Assignee: 
* Target version: 
* ruby -v: 2.3.0
* Backport: 2.0.0: UNKNOWN, 2.1: UNKNOWN, 2.2: UNKNOWN, 2.3: UNKNOWN
----------------------------------------
Given this method:

    def foo(a = nil, b: nil)
      p a: a, b: b
    end

I can pass keyword arguments to it and I can turn a hash into keyword arguments with the `**` operator:

    foo(b: 1)       #=> {:a=>nil, :b=>1}
    foo(**{b: 1})   #=> {:a=>nil, :b=>1}

What baffles me is that a hash is also turned into keyword arguments *without* the `**` operator:
    
    foo({b: 1})     #=> {:a=>nil, :b=>1}

This looks like a flaw to me. I was expecting:

    foo({b: 1})     #=> {:a=>{:b=>1}, :b=>nil}

Which would have resembled the way `*` works:

    def bar(a = nil, b = nil)
      p a: a, b: b
    end

    bar(1, 2)       #=> {:a=>1, :b=>2}
    bar(*[1, 2])    #=> {:a=>1, :b=>2}
    bar([1, 2])     #=> {:a=>[1, 2], :b=>nil}

But currently, there doesn't seem to be a difference between `foo(hash)` and `foo(**hash)`.

Is this behavior intended? If so, what's the rationale behind this decision?



-- 
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/

Unsubscribe: <mailto:ruby-core-request@ruby-lang.org?subject=unsubscribe>
<http://lists.ruby-lang.org/cgi-bin/mailman/options/ruby-core>