From: "Wolfgang Nádasi-Donner" Date: 2007-10-19T07:52:08+09:00 Subject: Re: Reading UTF-8 Data contains BOM additional questions did arise during my first experiments. How does Ruby 1.9 recognize a File-Encoding (if it will be done)? - Or how can I specify the expected encoding while opening a file? This does affect ignorable bytes like BOM too, because in a binary mode they are data. Wolfgang N�dasi-Donner