[ruby-core:116288] [Ruby master Bug#20150] Memory leak in grapheme clusters

Issue #20150 has been updated by nagachika (Tomoyuki Chikanaga).

Backport changed from 3.0: UNKNOWN, 3.1: REQUIRED, 3.2: REQUIRED, 3.3: REQUIRED to 3.0: UNKNOWN, 3.1: REQUIRED, 3.2: DONE, 3.3: REQUIRED

ruby_3_2 b4f8623441a8be53b643fed826ba44e933cafd7e merged revision(s) b3d612804946e841e47d14e09b6839224a79c1a4.

----------------------------------------
Bug #20150: Memory leak in grapheme clusters
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/20150#change-106310

* Author: peterzhu2118 (Peter Zhu)
* Status: Closed
* Priority: Normal
* Backport: 3.0: UNKNOWN, 3.1: REQUIRED, 3.2: DONE, 3.3: REQUIRED
----------------------------------------
GitHub PR: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/9414

String#grapheme_cluters and String#each_grapheme_cluster leaks memory because if the string is not UTF-8, then the created regex will not be freed.

For example:

```ruby
str = "hello world".encode(Encoding::UTF_32LE)

10.times do
  1_000.times do
    str.grapheme_clusters
  end

  puts `ps -o rss= -p #{$$}`
end
```

Before:

```
26000
42256
59008
75792
92528
109232
125936
142672
159392
176160
```

After:

```
9264
9504
9808
10000
10128
10224
10352
10544
10704
10896
```



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